By: Raphael Nyarkotey OBU (Prof.)
Kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering waste products, including creatinine, from the blood. Creatinine is a byproduct of muscle metabolism and serves as a key indicator of kidney function.
Elevated serum creatinine levels often signal impaired kidney function, commonly resulting from conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), dehydration or acute kidney injury (AKI).
Traditionally, CKD management involves medications, dialysis and, in some cases, kidney transplants.
However, there is increasing interest in alternative and complementary therapies, particularly in naturopathy, to address elevated creatinine levels and promote kidney health.
This article reviews the efficacy of various naturopathic remedies, including herbal therapies, dietary changes and lifestyle adjustments, in supporting kidney function and lowering creatinine levels.
Additionally, the article examines the evidence supporting the use of these remedies, offering a holistic approach to kidney health that may complement conventional treatments.
Naturopathic remedies for lowering creatinine levels
Herbal Medicine
Herbal remedies have long been used in traditional medicine systems to support renal function. Several herbs have demonstrated nephroprotective properties and show promise in reducing creatinine levels through their diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Key herbs include:
- Coriander (Coriandrum sativum): Coriander, often used in both culinary and medicinal applications, has been studied for its potential nephroprotective effects. It is believed to promote detoxification through its diuretic properties, helping to flush excess creatinine from the system (Bumrung et al., 2012). Additionally, coriander has potent antioxidant compounds, such as flavonoids, which protect kidney cells from oxidative stress, a leading cause of kidney dysfunction in diseases like CKD. One animal study demonstrated that coriander extract significantly reduced serum creatinine levels while improving renal function in rats with induced nephrotoxicity.
- Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale): Dandelion is a well-known diuretic herb with a long history of use for detoxifying the kidneys. Studies have shown that dandelion root and leaf extracts promote urine production, which may help reduce the accumulation of creatinine and other waste products (Patel & O’Keefe, 2014). Dandelion’s high potassium content also supports kidney function by balancing electrolytes, which is crucial for individuals with kidney disease who may be prone to potassium imbalances. Furthermore, dandelion has anti-inflammatory effects that help reduce kidney tissue damage caused by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation.
- Nettle (Urtica dioica): Nettle has demonstrated diuretic and anti-inflammatory effects, which may aid in lowering creatinine levels. Nettle is rich in compounds such as flavonoids and polysaccharides, which help reduce inflammation in the kidneys and protect renal cells from oxidative damage (Schwalfenberg, 2014). A study on the nephroprotective effects of nettle found that it could significantly reduce serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels in individuals with kidney impairment. The herb is also considered a valuable remedy for urinary tract infections, which are common in individuals with kidney disease.
- Ginseng (Panax ginseng): Ginseng, particularly Panax ginseng, has shown promise in improving kidney function in animal studies. It is believed to possess adaptogenic properties, which help the body cope with stress and reduce inflammation (Zhou et al., 2015). Ginseng has been found to help lower creatinine levels in individuals with diabetic nephropathy and may improve overall renal function by enhancing blood flow to the kidneys.
Dietary interventions
Diet is one of the most important factors in managing kidney health. Certain foods can alleviate the strain on kidneys and promote the reduction of creatinine levels. Key dietary approaches include:
- Low-protein diet: High-protein intake is known to increase the kidneys’ filtration workload, exacerbating kidney damage and contributing to the elevation of creatinine levels. A diet low in protein has been shown to reduce the production of nitrogenous waste products, thereby lowering creatinine levels and slowing the progression of CKD (Kopple, 2015). Research suggests that reducing protein intake can improve kidney function in individuals with mild to moderate CKD, particularly when the protein comes from plant-based sources.
- Antioxidant-rich diet: A diet rich in antioxidants—found in fruits and vegetables—can help prevent kidney damage caused by oxidative stress. Foods such as blueberries, cranberries, spinach and kale are high in vitamins A, C and E, which neutralise free radicals that damage kidney tissues (Kooman et al., 2014). Antioxidant-rich diets may also lower inflammation, a key contributor to kidney disease progression. A randomised controlled trial demonstrated that supplementation with antioxidant vitamins improved kidney function in individuals with early-stage kidney disease.
- Low-sodium diet: Sodium is a key contributor to hypertension, a major risk factor for kidney disease. A high-sodium diet can increase blood pressure and worsen kidney function. Reducing sodium intake has been found to help prevent kidney damage and lower creatinine levels, particularly in individuals with hypertension or CKD (Mitch et al., 2012). The American Heart Association recommends limiting sodium intake to 1,500 mg per day for individuals at risk of CKD or those already diagnosed with the condition.
- Adequate hydration: Proper hydration is essential for kidney health. Dehydration can lead to increased creatinine concentrations due to reduced renal filtration capacity. A study by Mitch et al. (2012) showed that increasing fluid intake can help reduce serum creatinine levels in individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions. Drinking adequate water helps the kidneys flush out excess creatinine and other waste products, promoting proper renal function.
Lifestyle modifications
In addition to dietary and herbal interventions, lifestyle changes can significantly improve kidney health and lower creatinine levels.
- Regular physical activity: Physical activity promotes overall health by improving cardiovascular health, reducing inflammation and enhancing blood circulation. Exercise has been shown to improve kidney function by regulating blood pressure, which is essential for individuals with CKD (Sarnak et al., 2014). Moderate-intensity activities like walking, swimming and cycling can help improve kidney function and slow the progression of kidney disease. However, individuals with severe CKD should consult a healthcare provider before starting a new exercise regimen.
- Weight management: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for kidney disease, as excess weight can increase the strain on the kidneys and elevate blood pressure. Weight loss through a combination of healthy eating and regular exercise can reduce the risk of developing CKD and improve kidney function in individuals already diagnosed with the condition (Hsu et al., 2013). Maintaining a healthy weight helps lower creatinine levels and reduces the likelihood of complications such as diabetes and hypertension, both of which can worsen kidney function.
- Stress reduction: Chronic stress has been linked to kidney disease due to its effects on blood pressure and inflammation. Techniques such as yoga, meditation and deep breathing exercises can help reduce stress, promoting kidney health. Studies show that individuals who practise regular stress reduction techniques have improved kidney function and lower levels of creatinine (Galanakis et al., 2015)
Managing high blood pressure with naturopathic remedies
High blood pressure is one of the leading causes of kidney damage and is a major risk factor for CKD. Left untreated, hypertension can cause damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste and leading to elevated creatinine levels. Naturopathic remedies can help lower blood pressure, reduce kidney strain and improve overall renal function.
Herbal remedies for hypertension
Several herbs have been shown to possess antihypertensive properties, and regular use can help manage high blood pressure:
- Garlic (Allium sativum): Garlic is widely recognised for its cardiovascular benefits, including its ability to lower blood pressure. Allicin, a compound found in garlic, has been shown to relax blood vessels, thereby improving blood flow and reducing blood pressure (Ried et al., 2016). Garlic has also been shown to reduce cholesterol levels, which can further improve heart health and reduce the burden on the kidneys.
- Hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa): Hibiscus tea has demonstrated significant blood pressure-lowering effects in clinical studies. The anthocyanins and polyphenolic compounds in hibiscus flowers act as natural vasodilators, improving blood flow and helping to reduce blood pressure. A study by Herrera-Arellano et al. (2004) found that drinking hibiscus tea regularly resulted in significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in individuals with mild hypertension.
- Olive leaf extract (Olea europaea): Olive leaf extract contains oleuropein, a compound that has been shown to have antihypertensive effects by improving blood vessel dilation. Studies suggest that olive leaf extract can help reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, providing a natural alternative for hypertension management (Raj et al., 2011). Olive oil, a key component of the Mediterranean diet, is also beneficial for heart health and blood pressure regulation.
- Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna): Hawthorn is an herb commonly used to treat cardiovascular conditions, including high blood pressure. It works by improving circulation, reducing the resistance in blood vessels and increasing blood flow to the heart. A systematic review by Zeng et al. (2013) concluded that hawthorn extract could effectively lower blood pressure and improve heart function, particularly in individuals with mild to moderate hypertension.
Dietary approaches to lowering blood pressure
Diet plays a critical role in managing high blood pressure. Adopting a heart-healthy, kidney-friendly diet can help control blood pressure and support overall kidney function.
- DASH diet (Dietary approaches to stop hypertension): The DASH diet emphasises whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins and low-fat dairy while reducing sodium intake. It has been shown to be highly effective in lowering blood pressure, particularly when combined with a reduction in sodium intake. The DASH diet’s rich content of potassium, magnesium and calcium helps balance electrolytes and relax blood vessels, reducing hypertension (Sacks et al., 2001).
- Reducing sodium intake: Excessive sodium intake contributes to high blood pressure by causing the body to retain water, which increases blood volume and pressure. Reducing sodium intake is essential for managing hypertension. Studies show that even a modest reduction in sodium intake can significantly lower blood pressure in individuals with hypertension (He & MacGregor, 2009).
- Increasing potassium-rich foods: Potassium helps counteract the effects of sodium on blood pressure by relaxing blood vessel walls. Foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, spinach, sweet potatoes and avocados, are beneficial for lowering blood pressure. Increasing potassium intake, along with reducing sodium, has been shown to have a positive effect on blood pressure regulation (Cunningham et al., 2013).
Managing blood sugar with naturopathic remedies
Uncontrolled blood sugar levels contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, a leading cause of kidney disease. Elevated blood sugar can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to diabetic nephropathy, a condition that significantly impacts kidney function and elevates creatinine levels. Several naturopathic remedies can help regulate blood sugar levels and prevent or manage diabetes.
- Herbal remedies for blood sugar control
- Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum): Cinnamon has been found to help regulate blood sugar levels by improving insulin sensitivity. Studies have shown that cinnamon can reduce fasting blood glucose and HbA1c (a marker of long-term blood sugar control) levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes (Bantle et al., 2006). The active compounds in cinnamon, such as cinnamaldehyde, enhance the action of insulin, making cells more responsive to glucose.
- Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum): Fenugreek seeds contain soluble fibre, which can help lower blood sugar levels by slowing the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestines. A study by Hannan et al. (2007) demonstrated that fenugreek supplementation significantly lowered fasting blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Fenugreek is also believed to have insulin-like effects that support better glucose metabolism.
- Bitter melon (Momordica charantia): Bitter melon has been used in traditional medicine as a remedy for diabetes. It contains compounds that mimic insulin and help improve glucose uptake by cells. Research has shown that bitter melon extract can help lower blood glucose levels, making it a promising natural remedy for managing diabetes (Leong et al., 2015).
- Ginseng (Panax ginseng): Ginseng has been studied for its potential to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood glucose levels. A meta-analysis of clinical trials found that ginseng supplementation significantly lowered fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes (Yeh et al., 2003). Ginseng’s adaptogenic properties may also help reduce stress, which can exacerbate blood sugar imbalances.
- Dietary approaches to managing blood sugar
Dietary changes are a cornerstone of managing blood sugar levels, particularly for individuals with type 2 diabetes. Several strategies can help regulate blood glucose and prevent complications such as diabetic nephropathy:
- Low-glycemic index (GI) diet: The glycemic index (GI) measures how quickly a food raises blood sugar levels. A diet rich in low-GI foods, such as whole grains, legumes, non-starchy vegetables and fruits like berries, can help stabilise blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of developing complications like kidney disease (Bantle et al., 2000).
- High-fibre diet: Increasing fibre intake, particularly soluble fibre, can help control blood sugar levels by slowing carbohydrate absorption and improving insulin sensitivity. Foods high in fibre include vegetables, fruits, legumes and whole grains. A high-fibre diet has been shown to improve blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes and may help prevent diabetic kidney disease (Slavin, 2013).
- Healthy fats: Incorporating healthy fats, such as omega-3 fatty acids found in fish, flaxseeds and walnuts, can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce inflammation. These fats help stabilise blood sugar levels and may reduce the risk of kidney damage in individuals with diabetes (Duncan et al., 2014).
- Exercise and lifestyle modifications for blood sugar control
- Physical activity: Regular exercise plays a crucial role in managing blood sugar levels by improving insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake by muscle cells. Studies show that both aerobic exercises (e.g., walking, cycling) and strength training can help lower blood glucose levels and prevent the progression of diabetes (Colberg et al., 2016).
- Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight is essential for blood sugar control. Obesity contributes to insulin resistance and increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease. Weight loss through a combination of diet and exercise can improve blood sugar regulation and reduce the risk of complications (Diaz et al., 2011).
- Stress reduction: Chronic stress can raise blood sugar levels through the release of cortisol, a hormone that increases glucose production. Stress management techniques such as yoga, meditation and deep breathing exercises can help lower cortisol levels, improve insulin sensitivity and stabilise blood sugar levels (Lazarus et al., 2017).
Naturopathic remedies for managing high blood pressure and blood sugar levels offer an integrative approach to preventing and managing chronic kidney disease and its complications. Herbs like garlic, hibiscus, cinnamon and bitter melon have shown promising effects in lowering blood pressure and regulating blood sugar.
Diet, including low-sodium, high-potassium and low-glycemic foods, is essential for blood pressure and glucose control. Regular physical activity, weight management and stress reduction are crucial lifestyle factors that support overall health and kidney function.
By incorporating these naturopathic strategies, individuals can effectively manage hypertension and hyperglycemia, reducing the risk of kidney damage and promoting long-term kidney health.
>>>NB: Prof. Nyarkotey adheres to strict sourcing standards, drawing on peer-reviewed studies, academic research and guidance from reputable medical associations to support his writings. His articles are intended for educational purposes only and are not a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment. His goal is to inform the public about evidence-based, scientifically validated naturopathic therapies.
>>>The author is a Professor of Naturopathy, a Lawyer (Gambia Bar) and a Chartered Health Economist. e-mail: [email protected]
